Television: Brief History and Implications

ALMOST no house that does not have a television at the moment. Television is not an expensive item again. Children until parents can access it at any time. Conscious or not, television has become part of people's lives and also affect the development of society. The way we think, act, and behave. This paper briefly want to parse the milestone of television as a mass media and its implications. Cekidot!

HISTORY

The following milestones significant time associated with the development of television as a mass media:
1907 Television word first appeared in Scientific American magazine June edition.
1935 television has begun broadcasting in the United States.
1950 cable television began to flourish in the United States as an alternative form of the above start curtailing the limited frequency band television since 1948 by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission).
1961 Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI) was built. Broadcast premiere on August 17, 1962.
1962 trans-Atlantic broadcast carried by satellite Telstar I.
1964 station TVRI area was built.
Ted Turner in 1979 pioneered the Cable News Network (CNN) as access for US audiences to see international news.
1989 RCTI (Rajawali Citra Televisi Indonesia) established in Jakarta.
1990 SCTV (Surya Citra Televisi) standing in Surabaya.
1991 TPI (now MNC TV) standing in Jakarta.
1993 quiz (Andalas Televisi) standing in Padang.
1996 international news television network Al Jazeera was founded in Qatar.
2003 Iraq War was broadcast live on television.
YouTube was founded in February 2005 by three former PayPal employees: Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim.
2007 television that uses digital frequency into use (digital television)

IMPLICATIONS

Too broad scope of community life intervenes television. This paper wants to limit on certain aspects, namely: political, economic, and social in Indonesia. Political aspects with particular regard to the use of television as a tool of power and propaganda. From an economic perspective, the television also acts as its own industrial sector was also an impact on the social aspects of society.


Kenndy and Sukarno
Politics. The first president of Indonesia, Sukarno may be inspired by John F Kennedy. Kennedy was the first President of the United States won the election in the television era. In 1961 Sukarno initiate the birth of TVRI. Within a year, on August 17, 1962 TVRI broadcast premiere. The timing is not without political considerations. In that month, Indonesia to host the Asian Games IV. TVRI disseminate sports event in Asia that dibukan August 24, 1962. Still in the same year, Indonesia also hosted Ganefo (Games of the New Emerging Forces). International sports event states new force against the dominance of Western countries was held on 10 to 22 November 1962. TVRI back to play its role as a means of communication as well as propaganda countries opposing the US and its allies.


When President Suharto, TVRI development continues. Perhaps, this is the only project under Sukarno that he continue. Through SKSD (Domestic Satellite Communication System), Suharto to make television as an integral tool sekalugs Indonesian control. Unifying as TVRI broadcast programs tend to represent the diversity of Indonesia, although in some cultures still feels broadcast Javanese domination. TVRI also used sebagal control tool because only broadcast news "development" that portray the success of the Suharto government.

Although not within the control of the government again, until recently (2013), television mesih play political roles. We can see how the private television stations owned by those who have political interests, often used as a tool of propaganda. Metro TV with the National Democrats, TV One with Golkar, and MNC Group (RCTI, Global TV, and MNC TV) into a political mouthpiece owners. The news that the focus of the coverage was almost always include political substance. If in view of the positive, can also be a matter of political learning community.

Monopoly. Television is not just audio-visual mass media. Not just a political tool, television once the money machine. For private television station whose number 10 in Indonesia, only owned and controlled by 5 people conglomerate. First, MNC Group (RCTI, Global TV, MNC TV). Secondly, Trans Corp Group (Trans TV and Trans 7). Third, Viva Group (quiz and TV One). Fourth, SCTV and Indosiar. Fifth, Metro TV.

Social. In addition to the political and economic implications, television also contribute to the social aspects such as confirming some stereotypes, consumerism and hedonism raise, dismantle the limits of privacy, as well as accelerate the maturity of the children. In some cases, such as war and terrorism news, television is considered to contribute to legalize aggressive behavior, invasive, and become a "funnel" terrorists.